 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| 1.2 |
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY |
Objective
The traditional activity of the laboratory is centered around the study of metabolic and cardiocirculatory responses to exercise in different experimental conditions (normoxia, chronic hypoxia, microgravity) and models (healthy young and aged individuals, and patients with metabolic myopathies or disorders, such obesity, or characterized by heart failure, denervated heart, peripheral arterial diseases, etc.). The studies are carried out by means of traditional physiological techniques (analysis of gas exchange, energy metabolism, locomotion, etc.) integrated by new highly sophisticated techniques such as: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS, to assess muscular oxygenation); b) NMRS to study the role of some metabolites such as Pi, ADP, PCr in controlling aerobic metabolism; PET; the proteomic analysis at muscle level. The activities are carried out in collaboration with several national and international research Institutions.
Institutional Research Areas
| 1.2.1 |
Muscle
physiology and physiopathology |
| 1.2.1 |
Here follow the related projects:
| 1.2.1.1 |
Muscle energetics |
| Description: | Muscle
energetics is determined by means of well-established techniques
(gas exchange and lactate analysers, applied along with advanced
methodologies such as PET, NMR, NIRS, etc.The cardiovascular, ventilatory
and metabolic (aerobic and anaerobic) responses to submaximal and
maximal exercise are investigated in healthy individuals as a function
of age, gender and training as well as in animal models . |
| Participants: | C.
Marconi, M. Marzorati, A. Colombini, A. Vezzoli, P. Cerretelli,
B. Grassi, M. Gussoni, B. Carù, A. Ferri, F. Lanfranconi,
G. Deley. |
| Collaborations: | Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università degli Studi,
Milano Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, CNR, Milano H S. Raffaele, Milano Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA Department of Health and Human Performance, Auburn University, Alabama, USA Department of Muscle Physiology, AWF, University Academy of Physical Education, Cracovia, Polonia Dipartimento di Chimica e Biochimica Clinica e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi, Milano Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università degli Studi, L’Aquila. |
| Publications |
| 1.2.1.2 |
Biomechanics and bioenergetics of movement |
| Description: | The
determination of the metabolic energy expended and the related mechanical
work performed during locomotion (human and animal) is fundamental
to assess muscle efficiency and to understand the economy and the
optimisation of the movement (transmission efficiency). For this
purpose the physiological parameters characteristic of the various
gaits and modes of legged locomotion, on land and in water, natural
or assisted by passive aids (skis, skates, bicycle, oars), will
be determined in the laboratory and on the filed. This will help
to better understand the relevance of the different energy saving
mechanisms. |
| Participants: | P.
Mognoni, F. Saibene, A. Minetti, L. Ardirò |
| Collaborations: | Manchester
Metropolitan University, UK Federazione Italiana Sport Invernali Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia. |
| Publications |
| 1.2.1.3 |
Altitude |
| Description: | At
high altitude maximal aerobic performance is reduced compared to
sea level. The Pyramid Laboratory at 5050 m in Nepal allows to study
the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on the ventilatory, cardiovascular
and metabolic responses to exercise of individuals with different
ethnic, training and altitude exposure history. In addition, chronic
hypoxia causes muscle deterioration, with similar characteristics
as those found in muscles of aged individual and of patients with
cardiac failure, peripheral arterial disease, and respiratory failure.
A proteomic study of muscle protein expression is in progress. |
| Participants: | C.
Marconi, M. Marzorati, A. Colombini, P. Cerretelli, B. Grassi, C.
Gelfi, M. Ripamonti. |
| Collaborations: | Progetto Ev-K2-CNR |
| Publications |
| 1.2.1.4 |
Aging |
| Description: | Participation
in regular physical activity improves quality of life also in older
subjects. Structural and molecular adaptations to a standardized physical activity programme will be investigate, mainly at skeletal muscle level, in a group of very old subjects. |
| Participants: | B.
Grassi, R. Bottinelli, P. Cerretelli, M. Narici, M. Marzorati, A.
Colombini, A. Ferri, F. Lanfranconi, C. Gelfi. M. Ripamonti. |
| Collaborations: | Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università degli Studi,
Milano Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Alsager, UK Istituto di Fisiologia Umana, Università degli Studi, Pavia Fondazione “Salvatore Maugeri”, Pavia Laboratory of Biology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgio Groupe Analyse du Mouvement, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne, Digione, Francia Division of Physiology; Guy’s, King’s & St. Thomas School of Biomedical Sciences, Kings College, Londra, UK Dept. Exercise and Health Sciences, Bristol University, Bristol, UK |
| Publications |
| 1.2.1.5 |
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome |
| Description: | Description:
Study of muscle functional adaptations and performance in human
subjects with morbid obesity and related metabilc syndrome. Study
of motor capabilities impact on life quality of subjects with clinically
relevant obesity. Study of the control mechanisms for the regulation
of body mass and composition in morbid obesity: effect of the exercise.
Study of neurotransmission activity in regions of human brain involved
in homeostatic and hedonic control of eating by means of techniques
for in vivo molecular bioimaging with positron emission tomography
(PET). |
| Participants: | C. Lafortuna, R.M. Moresco, M. Matarrese |
| Collaborations: | G.
Faglia, A. Sartorio, F. Agosti, P.G. Marinone, N. Marazzi: Laboratorio
Sperimentale di Ricerche Endocrinologiche, Istituto
Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano. A. Sartorio, G. Silvestri: Divisione di Recupero e Riabilitazione Funzionale ad indirizzo Metabolico III, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo, Verbania |
| Publications |
| 1.2.1.6 |
Excercise Physiopathology |
| Description: | Muscle
energetics and factor limiting maximal aerobic performance are investigated
in patients with metabolic and cardiac myopathies, cardiac failure,
heart transplant, peripheral arterial disease, etc.) and in other
in vivo and in vitro models. |
| Participants: | C.
Marconi, M. Marzorati, A. Colombini, A. Vezzoli, P. Cerretelli,
B. Grassi, B. Carù, M. Gussoni, A. Ferri, G. Deley. |
| Collaborations: | Fondazione
Don Gnocchi, Milano Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo Prof. Cornelio - Dipartimento di Malattie Neuromuscolari, Istituto Neurologico “C. Besta”, Milano Dipartimento di Chirurgia Toracica e Cardiovascolare, Università degli Studi, Siena Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA Department of Health and Human Performance, Auburn University, U.S.A. Groupe Analyse du Mouvement, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne, Digione, Francia Dipartimento di Chirurgia Cardiovascolare, Università degli Studi, Siena Institute of Rheumatology Imperial College, London Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi, Milano Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università degli Studi, Milano Istituto per lo studio delle macromolecole, CNR, Milano DISMA, Università degli Studi, Milano Dipartimento, Chimica dei Polimeri, Politecnico, Milano Policlinico Gemelli, Università Cattolica, Roma Fondazione Telethon |
| Publications |
| 1.2.1.7 |
Muscle Proteomics |
| Description: | The
standard map of human vastus lateralis, rat gastrocnemious and single
muscle fiber will be performed. |
| Participants: | C.
Gelfi, M. Ripamonti, P. Cerretelli, R. Wait, R. Bottinelli. |
| Collaborations: | Department
of Rheumatology, Imperial College of London, UK. Chair of Physiology, Department of Science and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano, Italy Department of Physiology University of Pavia, Italy |
| 1.2.2 |
| 1.2.2.1 |
Heart differentiation and inflammation |
| Description: | A
stress related protein of the superfamily of lipocalins has been
identified during differentiation of cartilage and muscle in chicken
and mouse( Ex-FABP,sip24) “in vitro “and “in vivo”.
The protein is expressed in the adult only in pathological conditions.
”In situ “ whole mount of the embryo shows strong expression
of mRNA in the total embryo at early stage and a specific expression
in myocardium in developing heart Studies on the possible function
will be performed by interfering with t he expression of the protein: 1) “in vitro” cultures of cardiomyocites transfected with cDNAin the sense or antisense direction. 2) "In ovo” microinjection in chicken embryo of affinity purified antibodies, electroporation of cDNA in the sense or antisense direction. 3) Generation of transgenic and knock out mices Presence and possible function will be studied also in heart pathologies in the adult (human, mouse) |
| Participants: | F.
Descalzi, V. Ulivi, A. Pianezzi , E. Di Marco, C. Gentili, R. Cancedda |
| Collaborations: | IST,
Genova; University of Genova, Italy IBPE, CNR, Napoli, Italy |
|
1.2.2.2 |
Myocardial inflammation during infarction |
| Publications |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
 |
|
|||||||